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About NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
NDs usually onset during stages of development. This means that they usually first appear in toddlers, children, and adolescents. However, they continue to persist into adulthood or may go undiagnosed until adulthood.
NDs are more prevalent in males than females. This gender difference may be due to genetics, biology, and risk factors. Although NDs, like ASD, are more present in males, researchers determined not much of a gender difference in symptoms.
Comorbidity is very common among people with neurodevelopmental disorders. This means that they are more likely also to have another mental health condition.
It is also common for an individual to be diagnosed with multiple NDs. In one study of children between 7 and 12 who had mental health conditions, 55% had a neurodevelopmental disorder
Symptoms of NDs are dependent on the ND, but general descriptions usually consist of impairments with the following:
Neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed by evaluating the presence of characteristic symptoms or behaviors in a child, typically after a parent, guardian, teacher, or other responsible adult has raised concerns to a doctor.
Neurodevelopmental disorders may also be confirmed by genetic testing. Traditionally, disease related genetic and genomic factors are detected by karyotype analysis, which detects clinically significant genetic abnormalities for 5% of children with a diagnosed disorder. As of 2017, chromosomal array analysis (CMA) was proposed to replace karyotyping because of its ability to detect smaller chromosome abnormalities and copy number variants, leading to greater diagnostic yield in about 20% of cases.
Crispr Technology
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